PSG has now secured the prestigious cup on 14 separate occasions.
The Parisian giants needed a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to get past Marseille in Kuwait and capture a fourth straight French Super Cup title.
The European champions appeared to be sailing towards a comfortable triumph in the match featuring the French league champions and the French Cup winners after Ousmane Dembele found the net early on.
Yet, Marseille struck two times in the closing moments to seize a shock lead. First, the English forward converted from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking turn of events, the Portuguese striker grabbed a vital leveler in the dying moments to force the match into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the key figure, saving crucial kicks from O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and the young talent all converted with composure for PSG to seal a 4-1 penalty victory.
Now 14-time winners PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now won this competition for the twelfth time in the last 13 years.